HashMap is not synchronized, which means you cannot use it on multi-threaded Java program without external synchronization. In another word, if you share one instance of HashMap between multiple thread, each is either adding, removing or updating entries then it's possible that HashMap loss its structure and not behave as expected. If you have read my earlier article about HashMap, you know that during re-sizing its possible that HashMap exposed to multiple thread, may end up in infinite loop.  In order to avoid this, usually one HashMap instance is used by one thread, sharing of HashMap instance is not allowed, but if you have to share HashMap and there is no option to avoid that, you can always synchronize HashMap in Java. Ofcourse this will affect the performance and probably reduce the speed of HashMap as synchronized method is always slower than non-synchronized one. In this tutorial, we will learn how we can synchornize HashMap in Java.