• For each type of source and destination in java.io package oracle given a separate class.

InputStream Class:

• ByteArrayInputStream
• FileInputStream
• FilterInputStream
  • BufferedInputStream
  • DataInputStream
  • LineNumberInputStream
  • PushbackInputStream

• ObjectInputStream
• PipeInputStream
• SequenceInputStream
• StringBufferInputStream

IputStream Class Methods:

• Since InputStream class is the super class for all input stream classes. It has below methods with general implementation for all sub classes.

1.public int available() throws IOException :

• Checking available bytes to read.

2.public abstract int read() throws IOException :

• Reading byte-by-byte.

3.public int read(byte[] b) throws IOException :

• Reading all  bytes.

4.public int read(byte[] b, int off, int length) throws IOException :

• Reading selected range of bytes.

5.public boolean markSupported() :

• Checking is this Stream supports marking.

6.public void mark(int readLimit) :

•  Marking current position of stream.

7.public void reset() throws IOException :

• Placing the control at marked place.

8.public long skip(long n) throws IOException :

• Skip reading given range of bytes.

9.public void close() throws IOException :

• Closing the stream.

OutputStream Class:

• ByteArrayOutputStream
• FileOutputStream
• FilterOutputStream
  • BufferedOutputStream
  • DataOutputStream
  • PrintStream

• ObjectOutputStream
• PipeOutputStream

OutputStream class methods:

• Since OutputStream is the super class of all binary output stream classes it has below method with general implementation for all sub classes.

1.public abstract void write(int i)throws IOException:

• Writing one by at time to an output stream.

2.public void write(byte[] b) throws IOException :

• Writing stream of bytes to an output stream.

3.public void write(byte []b , int off, int length) throws IOException :

• Writing range of stream of bytes to an output stream.

4.public void flush() throws IOException :

• Flush all bytes to destination from output Stream.

5.public void close() throws IOException :

• Close output stream.

FileInputStream and FileOutputStream:

• These classes are used to read and write data as byte from File.
• Basically these two streams are used as basic data source and destination for other streams.

DataInputStream and DataOutputStream:

• These two classes are used to read and write data as primitive data.
• Basically these two streams are used to add capability to another input stream and output stream to read and write data as primitive types.

ObjectInputStream and ObjectOutputStream:

• These classes are used to read and write data as object.
• Basically these two streams perform object serialization and deserialization.

BufferedInputStream and BufferedOutputStream:

•  These two classes are used to read and write data as buffers.
• Basically these two streams are used to improve reading and writing performance of other streams.

SequenceInputStream:

• This class is used to read data from multiple InputStreams Sequentially.

 PrintStream: 

• PrintStream class is filter output stream class .
• Its adds functionality to another OutputStream, namely the ability to print representations of various data values conveniently.

Basic steps to perform IO Operations:

•  Create stream class object based on source and destination.
• Call read() method to read data from the source.
• Call write() method to write data to the destination.

For instance , to perform IO Operations on files we must create

• FileInputStream
• FileOutputStream or

• FileReader
• FileWriter  Streams class objects.

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