Matchers
Related Docs:
trait Matchers
| package scalatest
This class is part of the ScalaTest matchers DSL.
This class is part of the ScalaTest matchers DSL.
This class is part of the ScalaTest matchers DSL.
Helper class used by code generated by the assert macro.
Helper class used by code generated by the assert macro.
This class is part of the ScalaTest matchers DSL.
This class is part of the ScalaTest matchers DSL. Please see the documentation for Matchers for an overview of
the matchers DSL.
This class is used as the result of an implicit conversion from class Symbol, to enable symbols to be
used in have ('author ("Dickens")) syntax. The name of the implicit conversion method is
convertSymbolToHavePropertyMatcherGenerator.
Class HavePropertyMatcherGenerator's primary constructor takes a Symbol. The
apply method uses reflection to find and access a property that has the name specified by the
Symbol passed to the constructor, so it can determine if the property has the expected value
passed to apply.
If the symbol passed is 'title, for example, the apply method
will use reflection to look for a public Java field named
"title", a public method named "title", or a public method named "getTitle".
If a method, it must take no parameters. If multiple candidates are found,
the apply method will select based on the following algorithm:
| Field | Method | "get" Method | Result |
|---|---|---|---|
Throws TestFailedException, because no candidates found | |||
getTitle() | Invokes getTitle() | ||
title() | Invokes title() | ||
title() | getTitle() | Invokes title() (this can occur when BeanProperty annotation is used) | |
title | Accesses field title | ||
title | getTitle() | Invokes getTitle() | |
title | title() | Invokes title() | |
title | title() | getTitle() | Invokes title() (this can occur when BeanProperty annotation is used) |
This class is part of the ScalaTest matchers DSL.
This class is part of the ScalaTest matchers DSL.
This class is part of the ScalaTest matchers DSL.
This class is part of the ScalaTest matchers DSL.
This class is part of the ScalaTest matchers DSL.
This class is part of the ScalaTest matchers DSL. Please see the documentation for InspectorsMatchers for an overview of
the matchers DSL.
This class is part of the ScalaTest matchers DSL.
This class is part of the ScalaTest matchers DSL. Please see the documentation for InspectorsMatchers for an overview of
the matchers DSL.
This class is part of the ScalaTest matchers DSL.
This class is part of the ScalaTest matchers DSL. Please see the documentation for InspectorsMatchers for an overview of
the matchers DSL.
This class is part of the ScalaTest matchers DSL.
This class is part of the ScalaTest matchers DSL. Please see the documentation for InspectorsMatchers for an overview of
the matchers DSL.
This class is part of the ScalaTest matchers DSL.
This class is part of the ScalaTest matchers DSL. Please see the documentation for InspectorsMatchers for an overview of
the matchers DSL.
This class is part of the ScalaTest matchers DSL.
This class is part of the ScalaTest matchers DSL.
This class is part of the ScalaTest matchers DSL. Please see the documentation for InspectorsMatchers for an overview of
the matchers DSL.
This class is part of the ScalaTest matchers DSL.
This class is part of the ScalaTest matchers DSL.
This class is part of the ScalaTest matchers DSL.
This class is part of the ScalaTest matchers DSL.
This class is part of the ScalaTest matchers DSL. Please see the documentation for InspectorsMatchers for an overview of
the matchers DSL.
This class is part of the ScalaTest matchers DSL.
This class is part of the ScalaTest matchers DSL.
This class is part of the ScalaTest matchers DSL. Please see the documentation for InspectorsMatchers for an overview of
the matchers DSL.
This class is part of the ScalaTest matchers DSL.
This class is part of the ScalaTest matchers DSL.
This class is part of the ScalaTest matchers DSL. Please see the documentation for InspectorsMatchers for an overview of
the matchers DSL.
This class is part of the ScalaTest matchers DSL.
This class is part of the ScalaTest matchers DSL.
This class supports the syntax of FlatSpec, WordSpec, fixture.FlatSpec,
and fixture.WordSpec.
This class supports the syntax of FlatSpec, WordSpec, fixture.FlatSpec,
and fixture.WordSpec.
This class is used in conjunction with an implicit conversion to enable should methods to
be invoked on Strings.
This class is part of the ScalaTest matchers DSL.
This class is part of the ScalaTest matchers DSL.
This method enables the following syntax:
This method enables the following syntax:
num should (not be < (10) and not be > (17)) ^
This method enables the following syntax:
This method enables the following syntax:
num should (not be <= (10) and not be > (17)) ^
This method enables the following syntax:
This method enables the following syntax:
num should (not be > (10) and not be < (7)) ^
This method enables the following syntax:
This method enables the following syntax:
num should (not be >= (10) and not be < (7)) ^
This method enables the following syntax:
This method enables the following syntax:
a [RuntimeException] should be thrownBy { ... }
^
This field enables the following syntax:
This field enables the following syntax:
badBook should not be a ('goodRead)
^
This method enables the following syntax for String:
This method enables the following syntax for String:
all(str) should fullymatch regex ("Hel*o world".r)
^
This method enables the following syntax for java.util.Map:
This method enables the following syntax for java.util.Map:
all(jmap) should fullymatch regex ("Hel*o world".r)
^
This method enables the following syntax:
This method enables the following syntax:
all(xs) should fullymatch regex ("Hel*o world".r)
^
This method enables the following syntax:
This method enables the following syntax:
List(1, 2, 3) should contain (allElementsOf(1, 2)) ^
This method enables the following syntax:
This method enables the following syntax:
List(1, 2, 3) should contain (allOf(1, 2)) ^
This method enables the following syntax:
This method enables the following syntax:
an [Exception] should be thrownBy { ... }
^
This field enables the following syntax:
This field enables the following syntax:
badBook should not be an (excellentRead)
^
Assert that a boolean condition, described in String
message, is true.
Assert that a boolean condition, described in String
message, is true.
If the condition is true, this method returns normally.
Else, it throws TestFailedException with a helpful error message
appended with the String obtained by invoking toString on the
specified clue as the exception's detail message.
This method is implemented in terms of a Scala macro that will generate a more helpful error message for expressions of this form:
At this time, any other form of expression will just get a TestFailedException with message saying the given
expression was false. In the future, we will enhance this macro to give helpful error messages in more situations.
In ScalaTest 2.0, however, this behavior was sufficient to allow the === that returns Boolean
to be the default in tests. This makes === consistent between tests and production
code.
the boolean condition to assert
An objects whose toString method returns a message to include in a failure report.
NullArgumentException if message is null.
TestFailedException if the condition is false.
Assert that a boolean condition is true.
Assert that a boolean condition is true.
If the condition is true, this method returns normally.
Else, it throws TestFailedException.
This method is implemented in terms of a Scala macro that will generate a more helpful error message for expressions of this form:
At this time, any other form of expression will get a TestFailedException with message saying the given
expression was false. In the future, we will enhance this macro to give helpful error messages in more situations.
In ScalaTest 2.0, however, this behavior was sufficient to allow the === that returns Boolean
to be the default in tests. This makes === consistent between tests and production
code.
the boolean condition to assert
TestFailedException if the condition is false.
Asserts that a given string snippet of code passes both the Scala parser and type checker.
Asserts that a given string snippet of code passes both the Scala parser and type checker.
You can use this to make sure a snippet of code compiles:
assertCompiles("val a: Int = 1")
Although assertCompiles is implemented with a macro that determines at compile time whether
the snippet of code represented by the passed string compiles, errors (i.e.,
snippets of code that do not compile) are reported as test failures at runtime.
the snippet of code that should compile
Asserts that a given string snippet of code does not pass either the Scala parser or type checker.
Asserts that a given string snippet of code does not pass either the Scala parser or type checker.
Often when creating libraries you may wish to ensure that certain arrangements of code that
represent potential “user errors” do not compile, so that your library is more error resistant.
ScalaTest's Assertions trait includes the following syntax for that purpose:
assertDoesNotCompile("val a: String = \"a string")
Although assertDoesNotCompile is implemented with a macro that determines at compile time whether
the snippet of code represented by the passed string doesn't compile, errors (i.e.,
snippets of code that do compile) are reported as test failures at runtime.
Note that the difference between assertTypeError and assertDoesNotCompile is
that assertDoesNotCompile will succeed if the given code does not compile for any reason,
whereas assertTypeError will only succeed if the given code does not compile because of
a type error. If the given code does not compile because of a syntax error, for example, assertDoesNotCompile
will return normally but assertTypeError will throw a TestFailedException.
the snippet of code that should not type check
Assert that the value passed as expected equals the value passed as actual.
Assert that the value passed as expected equals the value passed as actual.
If the actual value equals the expected value
(as determined by ==), assertResult returns
normally. Else, assertResult throws a
TestFailedException whose detail message includes the expected and actual values.
the expected value
the actual value, which should equal the passed expected value
TestFailedException if the passed actual value does not equal the passed expected value.
Assert that the value passed as expected equals the value passed as actual.
Assert that the value passed as expected equals the value passed as actual.
If the actual equals the expected
(as determined by ==), assertResult returns
normally. Else, if actual is not equal to expected, assertResult throws a
TestFailedException whose detail message includes the expected and actual values, as well as the String
obtained by invoking toString on the passed clue.
the expected value
An object whose toString method returns a message to include in a failure report.
the actual value, which should equal the passed expected value
TestFailedException if the passed actual value does not equal the passed expected value.
Ensure that an expected exception is thrown by the passed function value.
Ensure that an expected exception is thrown by the passed function value. The thrown exception must be an instance of the
type specified by the type parameter of this method. This method invokes the passed
function. If the function throws an exception that's an instance of the specified type,
this method returns Succeeded. Else, whether the passed function returns normally
or completes abruptly with a different exception, this method throws TestFailedException.
Note that the type specified as this method's type parameter may represent any subtype of
AnyRef, not just Throwable or one of its subclasses. In
Scala, exceptions can be caught based on traits they implement, so it may at times make sense
to specify a trait that the intercepted exception's class must mix in. If a class instance is
passed for a type that could not possibly be used to catch an exception (such as String,
for example), this method will complete abruptly with a TestFailedException.
Also note that the difference between this method and intercept is that this method
does not return the expected exception, so it does not let you perform further assertions on
that exception. Instead, this method returns Succeeded, which means it can
serve as the last statement in an async- or safe-style suite. It also indicates to the reader
of the code that nothing further is expected about the thrown exception other than its type.
The recommended usage is to use assertThrows by default, intercept only when you
need to inspect the caught exception further.
the function value that should throw the expected exception
an implicit ClassTag representing the type of the specified
type parameter.
the Succeeded singleton, if an exception of the expected type is thrown
TestFailedException if the passed function does not complete abruptly with an exception
that's an instance of the specified type.
Asserts that a given string snippet of code does not pass the Scala type checker, failing if the given snippet does not pass the Scala parser.
Asserts that a given string snippet of code does not pass the Scala type checker, failing if the given snippet does not pass the Scala parser.
Often when creating libraries you may wish to ensure that certain arrangements of code that
represent potential “user errors” do not compile, so that your library is more error resistant.
ScalaTest's Assertions trait includes the following syntax for that purpose:
assertTypeError("val a: String = 1")
Although assertTypeError is implemented with a macro that determines at compile time whether
the snippet of code represented by the passed string type checks, errors (i.e.,
snippets of code that do type check) are reported as test failures at runtime.
Note that the difference between assertTypeError and assertDoesNotCompile is
that assertDoesNotCompile will succeed if the given code does not compile for any reason,
whereas assertTypeError will only succeed if the given code does not compile because of
a type error. If the given code does not compile because of a syntax error, for example, assertDoesNotCompile
will return normally but assertTypeError will throw a TestFailedException.
the snippet of code that should not type check
Helper instance used by code generated by macro assertion.
Helper instance used by code generated by macro assertion.
Assume that a boolean condition, described in String
message, is true.
Assume that a boolean condition, described in String
message, is true.
If the condition is true, this method returns normally.
Else, it throws TestCanceledException with a helpful error message
appended with String obtained by invoking toString on the
specified clue as the exception's detail message.
This method is implemented in terms of a Scala macro that will generate a more helpful error message for expressions of this form:
At this time, any other form of expression will just get a TestCanceledException with message saying the given
expression was false. In the future, we will enhance this macro to give helpful error messages in more situations.
In ScalaTest 2.0, however, this behavior was sufficient to allow the === that returns Boolean
to be the default in tests. This makes === consistent between tests and production
code.
the boolean condition to assume
An objects whose toString method returns a message to include in a failure report.
NullArgumentException if message is null.
TestCanceledException if the condition is false.
Assume that a boolean condition is true.
Assume that a boolean condition is true.
If the condition is true, this method returns normally.
Else, it throws TestCanceledException.
This method is implemented in terms of a Scala macro that will generate a more helpful error message for expressions of this form:
At this time, any other form of expression will just get a TestCanceledException with message saying the given
expression was false. In the future, we will enhance this macro to give helpful error messages in more situations.
In ScalaTest 2.0, however, this behavior was sufficient to allow the === that returns Boolean
to be the default in tests. This makes === consistent between tests and production
code.
the boolean condition to assume
TestCanceledException if the condition is false.
This method enables the following syntax for String:
This method enables the following syntax for String:
atLeast(1, str) should fullymatch regex ("Hel*o world".r) ^
This method enables the following syntax for java.util.Map:
This method enables the following syntax for java.util.Map:
atLeast(1, jmap) should fullymatch regex ("Hel*o world".r) ^
This method enables the following syntax:
This method enables the following syntax:
atLeast(1, xs) should fullymatch regex ("Hel*o world".r) ^
This method enables the following syntax:
This method enables the following syntax:
List(1, 2, 3) should contain (atLeastOneElementOf (List(1, 2))) ^
This method enables the following syntax:
This method enables the following syntax:
List(1, 2, 3) should contain (atLeastOneOf(1, 2)) ^
This method enables the following syntax for String:
This method enables the following syntax for String:
atMost(3, str) should fullymatch regex ("Hel*o world".r) ^
This method enables the following syntax for java.util.Map:
This method enables the following syntax for java.util.Map:
atMost(3, jmap) should fullymatch regex ("Hel*o world".r) ^
This method enables the following syntax:
This method enables the following syntax:
atMost(3, xs) should fullymatch regex ("Hel*o world".r) ^
This method enables the following syntax:
This method enables the following syntax:
List(1, 2, 3) should contain (atMostOneElementOf (List(1, 2))) ^
This method enables the following syntax:
This method enables the following syntax:
List(1, 2, 3) should contain (atMostOneOf(1, 2)) ^
This field enables syntax such as the following:
This field enables syntax such as the following:
obj should (be theSameInstanceAs (string) and be theSameInstanceAs (string))
^
This method enables the following syntax for String:
This method enables the following syntax for String:
between(1, 3, str) should fullymatch regex ("Hel*o world".r) ^
This method enables the following syntax for java.util.Map:
This method enables the following syntax for java.util.Map:
between(1, 3, jmap) should fullymatch regex ("Hel*o world".r) ^
This method enables the following syntax:
This method enables the following syntax:
between(1, 3, xs) should fullymatch regex ("Hel*o world".r) ^
Throws TestCanceledException, with the passed
Throwable cause, to indicate a test failed.
Throws TestCanceledException, with the passed
Throwable cause, to indicate a test failed.
The getMessage method of the thrown TestCanceledException
will return cause.toString.
a Throwable that indicates the cause of the cancellation.
NullArgumentException if cause is null
Throws TestCanceledException, with the passed
String message as the exception's detail
message and Throwable cause, to indicate a test failed.
Throws TestCanceledException, with the passed
String message as the exception's detail
message and Throwable cause, to indicate a test failed.
A message describing the failure.
A Throwable that indicates the cause of the failure.
NullArgumentException if message or cause is null
Throws TestCanceledException, with the passed
String message as the exception's detail
message, to indicate a test was canceled.
Throws TestCanceledException, with the passed
String message as the exception's detail
message, to indicate a test was canceled.
A message describing the cancellation.
NullArgumentException if message is null
Throws TestCanceledException to indicate a test was canceled.
Throws TestCanceledException to indicate a test was canceled.
This field enables the following syntax:
This field enables the following syntax:
"val a: String = 1" shouldNot compile
^
This field enables syntax such as the following:
This field enables syntax such as the following:
list should (contain ('a') and have length (7)) ^
This implicit conversion method converts a Symbol to a
HavePropertyMatcherGenerator, to enable the symbol to be used with the have ('author ("Dickens")) syntax.
This implicit conversion method converts a Symbol to a
HavePropertyMatcherGenerator, to enable the symbol to be used with the have ('author ("Dickens")) syntax.
Implicitly converts an object of type T to a AnyShouldWrapper[T],
to enable should methods to be invokable on that object.
Implicitly converts an object of type T to a AnyShouldWrapper[T],
to enable should methods to be invokable on that object.
Implicitly converts an object of type scala.util.matching.Regex to a RegexWrapper,
to enable withGroup and withGroups methods to be invokable on that object.
Implicitly converts an object of type scala.util.matching.Regex to a RegexWrapper,
to enable withGroup and withGroups methods to be invokable on that object.
Implicitly converts an object of type java.lang.String to a StringShouldWrapper,
to enable should methods to be invokable on that object.
Implicitly converts an object of type java.lang.String to a StringShouldWrapper,
to enable should methods to be invokable on that object.
This field enables the following syntax:
This field enables the following syntax:
seq should be (defined)
^
This method enables the following syntax:
This method enables the following syntax:
list should (not be definedAt (7) and not be definedAt (9)) ^
This field enables the following syntax:
This field enables the following syntax:
list should be (empty)
^
This field enables syntax such as the following:
This field enables syntax such as the following:
string should (endWith ("ago") and include ("score")) ^
This method enables syntax such as the following:
This method enables syntax such as the following:
result should equal (null)
^
This method enables syntax such as the following:
This method enables syntax such as the following:
result should equal (100 +- 1) ^
This method enables the following syntax:
This method enables the following syntax:
result should equal (7)
^
The left should equal (right) syntax works by calling == on the left
value, passing in the right value, on every type except arrays. If both left and right are arrays, deep
will be invoked on both left and right before comparing them with ==. Thus, even though this expression
will yield false, because Array's equals method compares object identity:
Array(1, 2) == Array(1, 2) // yields false
The following expression will not result in a TestFailedException, because ScalaTest will compare
the two arrays structurally, taking into consideration the equality of the array's contents:
Array(1, 2) should equal (Array(1, 2)) // succeeds (i.e., does not throw TestFailedException)
If you ever do want to verify that two arrays are actually the same object (have the same identity), you can use the
be theSameInstanceAs syntax.
This method enables the following syntax for String:
This method enables the following syntax for String:
every(str) should fullymatch regex ("Hel*o world".r)
^
This method enables the following syntax for java.util.Map:
This method enables the following syntax for java.util.Map:
every(jmap) should fullymatch regex ("Hel*o world".r)
^
This method enables the following syntax:
This method enables the following syntax:
every(xs) should fullymatch regex ("Hel*o world".r)
^
This method enables the following syntax for String:
This method enables the following syntax for String:
exactly(str) should fullymatch regex ("Hel*o world".r)
^
This method enables the following syntax for java.util.Map:
This method enables the following syntax for java.util.Map:
exactly(jmap) should fullymatch regex ("Hel*o world".r)
^
This method enables the following syntax:
This method enables the following syntax:
exactly(xs) should fullymatch regex ("Hel*o world".r)
^
This field enables the following syntax:
This field enables the following syntax:
file should exist
^
Throws TestFailedException, with the passed
Throwable cause, to indicate a test failed.
Throws TestFailedException, with the passed
Throwable cause, to indicate a test failed.
The getMessage method of the thrown TestFailedException
will return cause.toString.
a Throwable that indicates the cause of the failure.
NullArgumentException if cause is null
Throws TestFailedException, with the passed
String message as the exception's detail
message and Throwable cause, to indicate a test failed.
Throws TestFailedException, with the passed
String message as the exception's detail
message and Throwable cause, to indicate a test failed.
A message describing the failure.
A Throwable that indicates the cause of the failure.
NullArgumentException if message or cause is null
Throws TestFailedException, with the passed
String message as the exception's detail
message, to indicate a test failed.
Throws TestFailedException, with the passed
String message as the exception's detail
message, to indicate a test failed.
A message describing the failure.
NullArgumentException if message is null
Throws TestFailedException to indicate a test failed.
Throws TestFailedException to indicate a test failed.
This field enables syntax such as the following:
This field enables syntax such as the following:
string should (fullyMatch regex ("Hel*o, wor.d") and not have length (99)) ^
This field enables syntax such as the following:
This field enables syntax such as the following:
list should (have length (3) and not contain ('a')) ^
This method enables the following syntax:
This method enables the following syntax:
List(1, 2, 3) should contain (inOrder(1, 2)) ^
This method enables the following syntax:
This method enables the following syntax:
List(1, 2, 3) should contain (inOrderElementsOf List(1, 2)) ^
This method enables the following syntax:
This method enables the following syntax:
List(1, 2, 3) should contain (inOrderOnly(1, 2)) ^
This field enables syntax such as the following:
This field enables syntax such as the following:
string should (include ("hope") and not startWith ("no")) ^
Intercept and return an exception that's expected to be thrown by the passed function value.
Intercept and return an exception that's expected to
be thrown by the passed function value. The thrown exception must be an instance of the
type specified by the type parameter of this method. This method invokes the passed
function. If the function throws an exception that's an instance of the specified type,
this method returns that exception. Else, whether the passed function returns normally
or completes abruptly with a different exception, this method throws TestFailedException.
Note that the type specified as this method's type parameter may represent any subtype of
AnyRef, not just Throwable or one of its subclasses. In
Scala, exceptions can be caught based on traits they implement, so it may at times make sense
to specify a trait that the intercepted exception's class must mix in. If a class instance is
passed for a type that could not possibly be used to catch an exception (such as String,
for example), this method will complete abruptly with a TestFailedException.
Also note that the difference between this method and assertThrows is that this method
returns the expected exception, so it lets you perform further assertions on
that exception. By contrast, the assertThrows method returns Succeeded, which means it can
serve as the last statement in an async- or safe-style suite. assertThrows also indicates to the reader
of the code that nothing further is expected about the thrown exception other than its type.
The recommended usage is to use assertThrows by default, intercept only when you
need to inspect the caught exception further.
the function value that should throw the expected exception
an implicit ClassTag representing the type of the specified
type parameter.
the intercepted exception, if it is of the expected type
TestFailedException if the passed function does not complete abruptly with an exception
that's an instance of the specified type.
This field enables the following syntax:
This field enables the following syntax:
map should not contain key (10)
^
This field enables the following syntax:
This field enables the following syntax:
"hi" should not have length (3) ^
This field enables the following syntax:
This field enables the following syntax:
result should matchPattern { case Person("Bob", _) => }
^
This method enables the following syntax:
This method enables the following syntax:
exception should not have message ("file not found")
^
This method enables the following syntax for String:
This method enables the following syntax for String:
no(str) should fullymatch regex ("Hel*o world".r)
^
This method enables the following syntax for java.util.Map:
This method enables the following syntax for java.util.Map:
no(jmap) should fullymatch regex ("Hel*o world".r)
^
This method enables the following syntax:
This method enables the following syntax:
no(xs) should fullymatch regex ("Hel*o world".r)
^
This method enables the following syntax:
This method enables the following syntax:
List(1, 2, 3) should contain (noElementsOf List(1, 2)) ^
This field enables the following syntax:
This field enables the following syntax:
noException should be thrownBy ^
This method enables the following syntax:
This method enables the following syntax:
List(1, 2, 3) should contain (noneOf(1, 2)) ^
This field enables syntax like the following:
This field enables syntax like the following:
myFile should (not be an (directory) and not have ('name ("foo.bar"))) ^
This method enables syntax such as the following:
This method enables syntax such as the following:
book should have (message ("A TALE OF TWO CITIES") (of [Book]), title ("A Tale of Two Cities")) ^
This method enables the following syntax:
This method enables the following syntax:
List(1, 2, 3) should contain (oneElementOf (List(1, 2))) ^
This method enables the following syntax:
This method enables the following syntax:
List(1, 2, 3) should contain (oneOf(1, 2)) ^
This method enables the following syntax:
This method enables the following syntax:
List(1, 2, 3) should contain (only(1, 2)) ^
Throws TestPendingException to indicate a test is pending.
Throws TestPendingException to indicate a test is pending.
A pending test is one that has been given a name but is not yet implemented. The purpose of pending tests is to facilitate a style of testing in which documentation of behavior is sketched out before tests are written to verify that behavior (and often, the before the behavior of the system being tested is itself implemented). Such sketches form a kind of specification of what tests and functionality to implement later.
To support this style of testing, a test can be given a name that specifies one
bit of behavior required by the system being tested. The test can also include some code that
sends more information about the behavior to the reporter when the tests run. At the end of the test,
it can call method pending, which will cause it to complete abruptly with TestPendingException.
Because tests in ScalaTest can be designated as pending with TestPendingException, both the test name and any information
sent to the reporter when running the test can appear in the report of a test run. (In other words,
the code of a pending test is executed just like any other test.) However, because the test completes abruptly
with TestPendingException, the test will be reported as pending, to indicate
the actual test, and possibly the functionality it is intended to test, has not yet been implemented.
Note: This method always completes abruptly with a TestPendingException. Thus it always has a side
effect. Methods with side effects are usually invoked with parentheses, as in pending(). This
method is defined as a parameterless method, in flagrant contradiction to recommended Scala style, because it
forms a kind of DSL for pending tests. It enables tests in suites such as FunSuite or FunSpec
to be denoted by placing "(pending)" after the test name, as in:
test("that style rules are not laws") (pending)
Readers of the code see "pending" in parentheses, which looks like a little note attached to the test name to indicate
it is pending. Whereas "(pending()) looks more like a method call, "(pending)" lets readers
stay at a higher level, forgetting how it is implemented and just focusing on the intent of the programmer who wrote the code.
Execute the passed block of code, and if it completes abruptly, throw TestPendingException, else
throw TestFailedException.
Execute the passed block of code, and if it completes abruptly, throw TestPendingException, else
throw TestFailedException.
This method can be used to temporarily change a failing test into a pending test in such a way that it will
automatically turn back into a failing test once the problem originally causing the test to fail has been fixed.
At that point, you need only remove the pendingUntilFixed call. In other words, a
pendingUntilFixed surrounding a block of code that isn't broken is treated as a test failure.
The motivation for this behavior is to encourage people to remove pendingUntilFixed calls when
there are no longer needed.
This method facilitates a style of testing in which tests are written before the code they test. Sometimes you may
encounter a test failure that requires more functionality than you want to tackle without writing more tests. In this
case you can mark the bit of test code causing the failure with pendingUntilFixed. You can then write more
tests and functionality that eventually will get your production code to a point where the original test won't fail anymore.
At this point the code block marked with pendingUntilFixed will no longer throw an exception (because the
problem has been fixed). This will in turn cause pendingUntilFixed to throw TestFailedException
with a detail message explaining you need to go back and remove the pendingUntilFixed call as the problem orginally
causing your test code to fail has been fixed.
a block of code, which if it completes abruptly, should trigger a TestPendingException
TestPendingException if the passed block of code completes abruptly with an Exception or AssertionError
This method enables the following syntax:
This method enables the following syntax:
evaluating { "hi".charAt(-1) } should produce [StringIndexOutOfBoundsException]
^
This field enables the following syntax:
This field enables the following syntax:
file should be (readable)
^
This field enables the following syntax:
This field enables the following syntax:
"eight" should not fullyMatch regex ("""(-)?(\d+)(\.\d*)?""".r) ^
This field enables the following syntax:
This field enables the following syntax:
set should not have size (3)
^
This field enables the following syntax:
This field enables the following syntax:
seq should be (sorted)
^
This field enables syntax such as the following:
This field enables syntax such as the following:
string should (startWith ("Four") and include ("year")) ^
The Succeeded singleton.
The Succeeded singleton.
You can use succeed to solve a type error when an async test
does not end in either Future[Assertion] or Assertion.
Because Assertion is a type alias for Succeeded.type,
putting succeed at the end of a test body (or at the end of a
function being used to map the final future of a test body) will solve
the type error.
This method enables the following syntax:
This method enables the following syntax:
the [FileNotFoundException] should be thrownBy { ... }
^
This method enables the following syntax:
This method enables the following syntax:
List(1, 2, 3) should contain (theSameElementsAs(List(1, 2, 3))) ^
This method enables the following syntax:
This method enables the following syntax:
List(1, 2, 3) should contain (theSameElementsInOrderAs(List(1, 2))) ^
This field enables the following syntax:
This field enables the following syntax:
oneString should not be theSameInstanceAs (anotherString)
^
This method enables the following syntax:
This method enables the following syntax:
a [RuntimeException] should be thrownBy {...}
^
Trap and return any thrown exception that would normally cause a ScalaTest test to fail, or create and return a new RuntimeException
indicating no exception is thrown.
Trap and return any thrown exception that would normally cause a ScalaTest test to fail, or create and return a new RuntimeException
indicating no exception is thrown.
This method is intended to be used in the Scala interpreter to eliminate large stack traces when trying out ScalaTest assertions and
matcher expressions. It is not intended to be used in regular test code. If you want to ensure that a bit of code throws an expected
exception, use intercept, not trap. Here's an example interpreter session without trap:
scala> import org.scalatest._ import org.scalatest._ scala> import Matchers._ import Matchers._ scala> val x = 12 a: Int = 12 scala> x shouldEqual 13 org.scalatest.exceptions.TestFailedException: 12 did not equal 13 at org.scalatest.Assertions$class.newAssertionFailedException(Assertions.scala:449) at org.scalatest.Assertions$.newAssertionFailedException(Assertions.scala:1203) at org.scalatest.Assertions$AssertionsHelper.macroAssertTrue(Assertions.scala:417) at .<init>(<console>:15) at .<clinit>(<console>) at .<init>(<console>:7) at .<clinit>(<console>) at $print(<console>) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597) at scala.tools.nsc.interpreter.IMain$ReadEvalPrint.call(IMain.scala:731) at scala.tools.nsc.interpreter.IMain$Request.loadAndRun(IMain.scala:980) at scala.tools.nsc.interpreter.IMain.loadAndRunReq$1(IMain.scala:570) at scala.tools.nsc.interpreter.IMain.interpret(IMain.scala:601) at scala.tools.nsc.interpreter.IMain.interpret(IMain.scala:565) at scala.tools.nsc.interpreter.ILoop.reallyInterpret$1(ILoop.scala:745) at scala.tools.nsc.interpreter.ILoop.interpretStartingWith(ILoop.scala:790) at scala.tools.nsc.interpreter.ILoop.command(ILoop.scala:702) at scala.tools.nsc.interpreter.ILoop.processLine$1(ILoop.scala:566) at scala.tools.nsc.interpreter.ILoop.innerLoop$1(ILoop.scala:573) at scala.tools.nsc.interpreter.ILoop.loop(ILoop.scala:576) at scala.tools.nsc.interpreter.ILoop$$anonfun$process$1.apply$mcZ$sp(ILoop.scala:867) at scala.tools.nsc.interpreter.ILoop$$anonfun$process$1.apply(ILoop.scala:822) at scala.tools.nsc.interpreter.ILoop$$anonfun$process$1.apply(ILoop.scala:822) at scala.tools.nsc.util.ScalaClassLoader$.savingContextLoader(ScalaClassLoader.scala:135) at scala.tools.nsc.interpreter.ILoop.process(ILoop.scala:822) at scala.tools.nsc.MainGenericRunner.runTarget$1(MainGenericRunner.scala:83) at scala.tools.nsc.MainGenericRunner.process(MainGenericRunner.scala:96) at scala.tools.nsc.MainGenericRunner$.main(MainGenericRunner.scala:105) at scala.tools.nsc.MainGenericRunner.main(MainGenericRunner.scala)
That's a pretty tall stack trace. Here's what it looks like when you use trap:
scala> trap { x shouldEqual 13 }
res1: Throwable = org.scalatest.exceptions.TestFailedException: 12 did not equal 13
Much less clutter. Bear in mind, however, that if no exception is thrown by the
passed block of code, the trap method will create a new NormalResult
(a subclass of Throwable made for this purpose only) and return that. If the result was the Unit value, it
will simply say that no exception was thrown:
scala> trap { x shouldEqual 12 }
res2: Throwable = No exception was thrown.
If the passed block of code results in a value other than Unit, the NormalResult's toString will print the value:
scala> trap { "Dude!" }
res3: Throwable = No exception was thrown. Instead, result was: "Dude!"
Although you can access the result value from the NormalResult, its type is Any and therefore not
very convenient to use. It is not intended that trap be used in test code. The sole intended use case for trap is decluttering
Scala interpreter sessions by eliminating stack traces when executing assertion and matcher expressions.
This field enables the following syntax:
This field enables the following syntax:
"val a: String = 1" shouldNot typeCheck
^
This field enables the following syntax:
This field enables the following syntax:
map should not contain value (10)
^
Executes the block of code passed as the second parameter, and, if it
completes abruptly with a ModifiableMessage exception,
prepends the "clue" string passed as the first parameter to the beginning of the detail message
of that thrown exception, then rethrows it.
Executes the block of code passed as the second parameter, and, if it
completes abruptly with a ModifiableMessage exception,
prepends the "clue" string passed as the first parameter to the beginning of the detail message
of that thrown exception, then rethrows it. If clue does not end in a white space
character, one space will be added
between it and the existing detail message (unless the detail message is
not defined).
This method allows you to add more information about what went wrong that will be reported when a test fails. Here's an example:
withClue("(Employee's name was: " + employee.name + ")") { intercept[IllegalArgumentException] { employee.getTask(-1) } }
If an invocation of intercept completed abruptly with an exception, the resulting message would be something like:
(Employee's name was Bob Jones) Expected IllegalArgumentException to be thrown, but no exception was thrown
NullArgumentException if the passed clue is null
This field enables the following syntax:
This field enables the following syntax:
file should be (writable)
^
Companion object that facilitates the importing of
Matchersmembers as an alternative to mixing it the trait. One use case is to importMatchersmembers so you can use them in the Scala interpreter.