"Programs crash, people make mistakes, networks grow and change. That's life, and computer scientists are finally building systems that can deal with it. [...] The growing complexity of the I.T. infrastructure threatens to undermine the very benefits information technology aims to provide [...] "Up until now, we've relied mainly on human intervention and administration to manage this complexity" [...] There is less agreement on the solution. IBM argues in its treatise that the goal should be "autonomic" computer systems analogous to the involuntary nervous system that allows the human body to cope with environmental change, external attack and internal failures."